WAEC Health Science Practical 2023 Answers & Questions

(3b)
(PICK ANY THREE)
(i) Stunted growth
(ii) Severe weight loss
(iii) Loss of appetite
(iv) Fatigue and weakness
(v) Edema
(vi) Loss of muscle mass

(3ci)
(PICK ANY ONE)
-Inadequate protein intake
-Infections and diseases
-Lack of proper breastfeeding

(3cii)
(PICK ANY ONE)
-Inadequate protein intake:
(i) Consuming a diet that is primarily based on starchy staples without enough protein-rich foods like meat, fish, eggs can lead to protein deficiency.
(ii) A diet that is low in protein, especially for an extended period of time, can lead to kwashiorkor

-Infections and diseases:
(i) Certain infections and diseases can impair the body’s ability to absorb and utilize proteins effectively.
(ii) Conditions such as gastrointestinal infections, parasitic infestations, chronic diarrhea, and other diseases that cause malabsorption can increase the risk of developing kwashiorkor.

-Lack of breastfeeding:
(i) The absence of breastfeeding can contribute to defieciency in protein and other vital nutrients which leads kwashiokor
(ii) When infants are weaned too early, they are more susceptible to kwashiokor

(4b)
(PICK ANY THREE)
(i) Genetic factors: It may be inherited from parents who have similar issues.

(ii) Injuries: Accidents and injuries can also cause postural defects by affecting the muscles and bones.

(iii) Aging: As we age, our muscles and bones change, leading to an increased risk of postural defects and other musculoskeletal problems.

(4c)
(i) Pain and discomfort: It can cause pain and discomfort in various parts of the body, specifically the back, neck, shoulders, and hips. Over time, this pain can negatively impact an individual’s quality of life.

(ii) Reduced mobility and flexibility: It can limit a person’s range of motion and flexibility. This can make it difficult to perform everyday tasks, such as bending, reaching, or lifting. Overall, it can hinder an individual’s ability to move with ease and lead to discomfort while performing certain activities.

(4d)
(CHOOSE ANY ONE)
(i) By Exercise: Regular exercise that focuses on improving posture can help to correct postural defects. Such exercises may include stretching, strength training, and aerobic exercises, which can improve muscle tone, flexibility, and body awareness.

(6b)
(i) Adequate building design and construction
(ii) Regular maintenance and inspection
(iii) Building code enforcement
(iv) Proper design and construction
(v) Regular inspection

(6c)
(i) Safety
(ii) Adequate space
(iii) Good ventilation
(iv) Adequate privacy

(6d)
(i) Psychological trauma
(ii) Displacement
(iii) Physical safety
(iv) Economic impact

(6ei)
(i) Air pollution
(iii) Water pollution

(2b)
(iii) Vaginal
(iv) Uterus

(2c)
CONDOM:
(i) Condoms do not physically alter the fertility of the person using them.
(ii) It is easy to use.

INTRAUTERINE DEVICE:
(i) It protects against pregnancy for 5 or 10 years, depending on the type.
(ii) It does not interrupt sex.

(1b)
(i) The eye
(ii) The nose
(iii) The ear
(iv) The skin

(1c)
(PICK ANY ONE)
(i) Government should implement and enforce stricter regulations
(ii) Government should promote cleaner production technologies
(iii) Government should encourage sustainable practices
(iv) Governemnt should support renewable energy sources
(v) industrial pollution and involving them in decision-making processes can lead to more effective solutions.
(vi) Governments should provide assistance to communities affected by industrial pollution.

(5b)
(i) Peer pressure
(ii) Low self-esteem
(iii) Social or environmental factors

(5c)
(i) Secondhand smoke exposure: Non-smokers who are exposed to secondhand smoke can develop various health problems, such as lung cancer, heart disease, and stroke.

(ii) Economic costs: Smoking can cause a significant economic burden on society. It can lead to increased healthcare costs, decreased work productivity, and premature death, which can have devastating effects on families.

(iii) Environmental pollution: Smoking contributes to environmental pollution by releasing toxic chemicals into the air, soil, and water. This pollution can affect wildlife, vegetation, and even entire ecosystems.

(5d)
(PICK ANY FOUR)
(i) The heart
(ii) The lungs
(iii) The liver
(iv) The kidney
(v) The skin

(5e)
(PICK ANY FOUR)
(i) Nicotine
(ii) Ammonia
(iii) Tar
(iv) Carbon monoxide
(v) Formaldehyde